JPG vs PNG
Una comparativa detallada de JPEG Image y PNG Image — tamaño de archivo, calidad, compatibilidad y cuál elegir según tu flujo de trabajo.
JPEG Image
Raster & Vector ImagesJPEG is the most widely used lossy image format on the web. It achieves small file sizes through adjustable compression, making it ideal for photographs and complex images where some quality loss is acceptable.
Sobre los archivos JPGPNG Image
Raster & Vector ImagesPNG is a lossless image format that supports transparency. It is ideal for graphics, logos, screenshots, and any image where preserving exact pixel data is important.
Sobre los archivos PNGComparativa de ventajas
JPG Ventajas
- Excellent compression ratio for photographs (10:1 or better without visible quality loss).
- Universal support — every camera, phone, OS, and browser reads JPEG natively.
- Adjustable quality setting balances file size against visual fidelity.
- Embeds EXIF metadata (camera model, GPS, exposure) automatically.
- Progressive rendering for graceful loading over slow networks.
PNG Ventajas
- Lossless compression — every save preserves the original pixels perfectly.
- Full 8-bit alpha channel for smooth transparency.
- Excellent for text, UI screenshots, logos, and line art.
- Royalty-free and an ISO standard (ISO/IEC 15948).
- Supports 16-bit color depth for high-fidelity work.
Limitaciones
JPG Limitaciones
- Lossy — every save degrades the image further (generation loss).
- No transparency channel (use PNG or WebP for that).
- Visible compression artifacts on text, sharp edges, and flat colors.
- Limited to 8 bits per channel — poor for HDR or print work.
- Baseline JPEG tops out at 65,535 × 65,535 pixels.
PNG Limitaciones
- Much larger than JPEG for photographs (no perceptual compression).
- No native animation in most software (APNG support is inconsistent).
- No CMYK support — web and screen only, not print.
- Metadata capabilities are less rich than JPEG's EXIF.
Especificaciones técnicas
| Especificación | JPG | PNG |
|---|---|---|
| MIME type | image/jpeg | image/png |
| Compression | Lossy — Discrete Cosine Transform + quantization + Huffman coding | Lossless — DEFLATE (zlib) |
| Color depth | 8 bits per channel (24-bit RGB or 8-bit grayscale) | 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 bits per channel |
| Max dimensions | 65,535 × 65,535 pixels (baseline) | 2^31 − 1 pixels per side (2.1 billion) |
| Transparency | Not supported | Full 8-bit alpha channel |
| Typical quality | 75–90 for web, 95+ for print | — |
| Standard | — | ISO/IEC 15948:2004 |
Tamaños típicos de archivo
JPG
- Phone photo (12 MP, quality 85) 2–5 MB
- Web thumbnail (400px) 20–60 KB
- Full-page magazine photo 500 KB – 2 MB
- Social-media square (1080×1080) 100–400 KB
PNG
- Icon or small logo 2–20 KB
- UI screenshot (1920×1080) 200–800 KB
- High-res photo (12 MP) 10–30 MB
- Print-ready illustration 5–50 MB
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Frequently Asked Questions
JPG (JPEG) is the most widely used image format, developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group in 1992. It uses lossy compression to achieve small file sizes, making it the standard for digital photography, web images, and social media.
PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless raster image format created in 1996 as a patent-free alternative to GIF. It supports transparency, making it ideal for logos, icons, and web graphics.
JPG files can be opened by virtually any image viewer or editor, including Windows Photos, macOS Preview, Adobe Photoshop, GIMP, and all web browsers.
PNG files open natively in all modern operating systems, web browsers, and image editors including Photoshop, GIMP, Paint.NET, and Canva.
Use JPG for photographs and complex images where small file size matters. Use PNG when you need transparency, sharp text, or lossless quality such as logos, screenshots, and graphics with flat colors.
WebP offers 26% smaller file sizes than PNG with equivalent quality. Use WebP for web delivery when browser support is sufficient. Use PNG when maximum compatibility or professional editing workflows are needed.