BMP vs HEIC
A detailed comparison of BMP Image and HEIC Image — file size, quality, compatibility, and which format to choose for your workflow.
BMP Image
Raster & Vector ImagesBMP is an uncompressed raster image format native to Windows. Files are large but preserve exact pixel data with no compression artifacts. Rarely used on the web due to file size.
About BMP filesHEIC Image
Raster & Vector ImagesHEIC is the default photo format on Apple devices since iOS 11. It offers roughly 50% better compression than JPEG at similar quality but has limited support outside the Apple ecosystem.
About HEIC filesStrengths Comparison
BMP Strengths
- Dead-simple format — trivially easy to read and write.
- Lossless and uncompressed — perfect bit-exact pixel storage.
- Universally supported in Windows applications since 1985.
- Supports 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32-bit color depths.
HEIC Strengths
- Roughly 50% smaller than JPEG at equivalent visual quality.
- 10- and 12-bit color depth supports HDR photography.
- Container format holds depth, Live Photo, bursts, and thumbnails in one file.
- Supports transparency and multi-image sequences.
- Built into iOS, macOS, and most modern Samsung and Google flagships.
Limitations
BMP Limitations
- Enormous file sizes — no meaningful compression in typical use.
- Not a web format — browsers support it but nobody serves BMPs over HTTP.
- No metadata support (no EXIF, no ICC profile in practice).
- Multiple header versions mean "a BMP" is ambiguous — parsers must handle several variants.
HEIC Limitations
- Patent-encumbered (HEVC) — Windows users must buy a $0.99 codec pack from the Microsoft Store.
- Not supported by most web browsers or older image editors.
- Sharing to non-Apple platforms usually auto-converts to JPEG, losing metadata.
- Hardware decoding required for smooth performance; software decoding is CPU-heavy.
Technical Specifications
| Specification | BMP | HEIC |
|---|---|---|
| MIME type | image/bmp | image/heic |
| Extensions | .bmp, .dib | — |
| Compression | None (typical); RLE 4/8 bit (rare) | HEVC (H.265) intra-frame |
| Color depths | 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 bits per pixel | — |
| Byte order | Little-endian | — |
| Color depth | — | 8, 10, or 12 bits per channel |
| Container | — | HEIF (ISO/IEC 23008-12) |
| Transparency | — | Supported |
| Max dimensions | — | 8,192 × 4,320 (practical) |
Typical File Sizes
BMP
- Small icon (32×32) 4 KB
- Screenshot (1920×1080) ~6 MB
- 4K image (3840×2160) ~25 MB
- Scanned A4 at 300 dpi ~25 MB
HEIC
- iPhone photo (12 MP) 1.5–3 MB (half of JPEG)
- Live Photo with 3s video 3–6 MB
- Portrait mode with depth map 2–4 MB
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Frequently Asked Questions
BMP (Bitmap) is a raster image format developed by Microsoft for Windows. It stores images with no compression by default, resulting in large file sizes but pixel-perfect quality. It has been part of Windows since version 1.0.
BMP (Bitmap) is a raster image formato developed by Microsoft para Windows. It stores images com no compressão by default, resulting in large tamanho do arquivos mas pixel-perfect quality. It has been part of Windows since version 1.0.
BMP files open in Windows Paint, Photos, macOS Preview, GIMP, Photoshop, and virtually any image viewer. All Windows applications support BMP natively.
BMP arquivos abrir in Windows Paint, Photos, macOS Preview, GIMP, Photoshop, e virtually any image viewer. All Windows aplicativos support BMP natively.
PNG is better than BMP in almost every scenario since it provides lossless compression (smaller files), transparency support, and wider cross-platform use. BMP is mainly relevant for legacy Windows applications.
PNG is melhor que BMP in almost every scenario since it fornece sem perdas compressão (smaller files), transparência support, e wider cross-platform use. BMP is mainly relevant para legacy Windows aplicativos.